The globalization of the American apparel industry is central to Where Am I Wearing? Timmerman emphasizes that the US’s outsourcing of garment production reflects its transformation from a “developing” to a “developed” country. Throughout the book, he draws parallels between the economic status of the developing countries he visits and the processes of development that the US underwent before becoming a global powerhouse. He demonstrates that the trajectory of the American apparel industry reflects broader trends in industrialization and international trade.

The American textile and garment industry began modestly in the late 18th century, primarily focusing on the small-scale production of textiles such as wool and cotton. Most of the production was done domestically in homes or small workshops using traditional methods like spinning wheels and hand looms. However, the Industrial Revolution transformed the industry as technological advances led to mechanized production techniques. In 1793, Eli Whitney's invention of the cotton gin significantly increased the efficiency of cotton processing, making it more profitable to produce. This innovation fueled the expansion of cotton cultivation in the Southern states (which was largely carried out by an enslaved workforce), consequently increasing the demand for textile manufacturing in the North. Many textile mills were established, particularly in New England, where abundant water resources were available to power machinery.