Content Warning: This section of the guide discusses colonial violence and imperialist attitudes. In addition, the source text uses racist language to refer to Indigenous people, which is replicated in direct quotes only.

“As the vessels moved still closer, wrote Kamakau, the villagers were captivated by this ‘marvelous monster,’ and ‘great wonder came to the people.’”

This passage captures the awe and fear the Hawaiian villagers felt as they encountered Cook’s ships for the first time. The use of the words “marvelous monster” and “great wonder” illustrates the mix of terror and fascination that such an unprecedented event inspired. It highlights the impact of the ships’ arrival on the islanders’ worldview, foreshadowing the significant changes and disruptions to their society.

“‘If I have failed in discovering a continent,’ Cook wrote, ‘it is because it does not exist…and not for want of looking.’”

Sides highlights Cook’s commitment to empirical evidence and his integrity in reporting findings, even when they contradicted popular theories. His assertion reflects a scientific approach, emphasizing the importance of exploration and discovery based on observable facts rather than speculation. This stance not only characterizes Cook’s confidence but also underscores his role in The Transformation of Geographic Knowledge by disproving long-held myths.

“Action was life to him, and repose a sort of death.”

This quotation, attributed to a navy officer who sailed with him, captures Cook’s relentless drive and restlessness, highlighting his need for constant engagement in exploration and discovery. The metaphor of life and death underscores his dynamic nature and dedication to his voyages, suggesting that inactivity was antithetical to his purpose and spirit. This portrayal aligns with the ensuing