How does Cyril’s life reflect the culture and history of Ireland throughout the 20th century? In what ways does Cyril conflict with his own culture, and in what ways is he part of it?

How do both the experiences and traits of the female characters in the novel showcase the contrast between feminist women and those still rooted in traditional Irish-Catholic culture?

Author John Boyne weaves humor throughout the story, including dry humor, slapstick humor, ironic humor, and dark humor. What role does humor play in illuminating specific characters and settings of the story?