Derrida introduces the term “arche-writing” to describe an abstract form of writing that is used by groups who do not utilize logocentrism or complex systems of written language. Derrida argues that all cultures engage in some kind of writing, whether it is arche-writing, logocentric writing, or another form.

Boustrophedon refers to a winding form of writing that starts from right to left, then returns from left to write, following one continuous motion across the page. Rousseau argues that this form of writing fell away in lieu of a form that benefitted the economy of the hand. He portrays this transition as one more step in the formalization of language and its deferment from authenticity.

Deconstruction is an approach to understanding text outside of traditional interpretation. Many philosophers operated under Plato’s theories that everything has a true form and essence. Derrida challenges this assumption, building his theory on the work of Ferdinand de Saussure. Deconstruction asserts that nothing can be understood outside of its context, meaning that words can only be understood within the context of their opposite. For example, the word “love” has no meaning without its attachment to its opposite, “hate.