Lumen is the first Loric Legacy that Four develops. At the same time, Four begins to cultivate connections to his Loric past, better define his identity, and consider his future self.

Reflect upon the ideas of light and darkness throughout the novel, What literal and symbolic significance do they have in the plot and for main characters? Cite details and evidence from the text. Consider these points as you formulate a response:

• How is light used as a symbol throughout the novel? Cite moments when light plays a pivotal role in either Four’s character development or moving the plot forward.
• How does darkness, both literal and figurative, enhance the symbolism of light? Cite moments in the text when darkness, shadows, or lack of light play a prominent role.
• How does the juxtaposition of light and dark help underscore the book’s core themes?

Teaching Suggestion: Light is used to represent Four’s insight and connection to Lorien. Students might begin by reviewing Chapter 6, in which Four says he does not think Lumen will be a useful gift. This is a prime parallel of how Four’s relationship to light (Lumen) demonstrates his connection to his Loric history; in this early section of the novel, Four is unevolved, and he cannot see the value in this particular Legacy.