Alternatives are defined as products or industries that fulfill the same purpose but are functionally different. For example, cinemas and restaurants both provide customers with the opportunity to socialize, but they do so in different ways. They are not traditionally thought of as competing industries, but they might be relevant to consider for blue ocean strategies.

Atomization is the process of setting small, achievable goals to encourage daily effort. Its main purpose is to break down a larger goal into easier-to-manage pieces.

Blue oceans are uncontested market spaces characterized by little to no competition and potential for exponential growth. They are often contrasted with red oceans, which are not as desirable for businesses seeking to significantly increase profit.