Objectivism is a philosophical concept proposed by Ayn Rand. Objectivism holds that the human mind is capable of perceiving and interacting with external reality and that the relationship between the mind and external reality depends on rationality. The primary value in Objectivism is for ethical long-term survival, and it is driven by three pairs of values and virtues—reason and rationality, purpose and productivity, and self-esteem and pride. Objectivism also highlights the importance of integrity, honesty, justice, and independence. Altruism is believed to be morally inappropriate, and actions that benefit strangers are viewed as moral only if they pose little to no risk to the individual’s well-being. Instead, Objectivism argues for ethical egoism, supporting the concept of charity for those who are deserving of it, as long as it does not inconvenience the charitable individual. People following ethical egoism are prevented from harming others because, in doing so, they will harm themselves. Political values of Objectivism include laissez-faire capitalism and individual rights as opposed to collective rights. Rand emphasizes the rights of personal property, life, and liberty. She envisions the ideal society as one comprised of sovereign individuals who engage in mutually beneficial trade, whether of physical goods and services or of spiritual and emotional goods, as in personal relationships.