51 pages • 1 hour read
Octavia E. ButlerA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Chapter Summaries & Analyses
Akin wonders why his family hasn’t come for him, but he realizes that the people in Phoenix appreciate his presence. Gabe introduces him to the work being done in the village, showing him the textile mill and the blacksmith. Gabe also shows Akin the village’s money, which has a phoenix emblem that symbolizes rebirth. Akin accidentally calls this mythology a lie, upsetting Gabe. However, Gabe eventually laughs, relieved that Akin is just like a “real” kid who makes mistakes.
Two new children—constructs like Akin—arrive in Phoenix, having been captured and sold. This excites Akin, and he asks to meet them. Akin and the new children explore each other. He discovers they are siblings—one human born and one Oankali born. The elder displays signs of femaleness, while Akin predicts that the younger, influenced by the sibling’s femaleness, will be male.
The humans, accompanied by Akin and the new children, Amma and Shkaht, venture into the mountains for reasons unknown to Akin. During their night camp, Akin overhears a discussion among certain human adults—notably, one called Neci—about the idea of severing new children’s tentacles while they are still young. This concerns Akin. Stancio, Neci’s husband, challenges this proposal, asking her, “How many times would you torture children?” (141).
As Neci keeps whispering to others about severing the girls’ tentacles, Akin takes matters into his own hands by teaching Amma and Shkaht English. The three children discuss escape, their parents, their homes, and their observations. Akin is reminded of his own isolation from his sibling and Lilith. This leads to a disagreement with Tate.
The group finally arrives at an old prewar city that was “smashed and covered by the Oankali” (151). Here, humans, known as “salvagers,” are excavating the site. Amid the ruins, there is a museum displaying old human objects from a distant past. The area has become a bustling hub for trade and conversation among many humans.
The human called Neci states that she intends to take one or both of the girls, Amma and Shkaht, while advocating for cutting their tentacles. Attempting to rally support from other salvagers, she faces both resistance and agreement, heightening tensions. Fearing harm, the girls decide to leave. Though Akin wishes to accompany them, he acknowledges that they will travel more quickly and safely as a duo. Despite his distress, he allows them to induce a deep sleep in him before departing.
During a conversation with Tate, Akin discusses the conflicts among humans and between humans and the Oankali. As Akin lies awake at night, he ponders why the Oankali don’t permit the human resisters to have their own “Akjai” faction; Akjai are Oankali without human contact or genetic material, but humans without Oankali contact or influence do not exist. He reflects that “[h]e [is] Oankali enough to be listened to by other Oankali and Human enough to know that resister Humans [are] being treated with cruelty and condescension” (173).
Gabe invites Akin to watch a play in which he is performing—an experience Akin appreciates despite being accustomed to only “true” stories. Subsequently, Gabe and Akin embark on a trip, exploring the world together, a journey that Akin thoroughly enjoys. During this excursion, Akin gathers information about various organisms they encounter, intending to share the details with Nikanj upon his return home.
Soon after Gabe and Akin return from their trip, the Oankali arrive—including Lilith and Tino, who is revealed to be alive—surprising Tate and Akin in the garden. Tate attempts to jog Tino’s memory of their past interactions in Phoenix, but he does not remember. The Oankali and Lilith explain that they intentionally left Akin with humans so he could learn from them, sacrificing his chance to bond with his sibling.
Akin decides to go with the Oankali and shares his gathered information with Nikanj. Gabe, fearing Tate will join the Oankali, arrives. Akin assures the Oankali that Tate and Gabe are his friends. Though Lilith encourages Tate and Gabe to come with them, they firmly refuse.
These chapters represent the continuation of Akin’s time in Phoenix, delving deeper into his integration into the human world and providing a nuanced exploration of human relationships and The Complexity of Individual and Collective Identity. Akin’s journey is a microcosm of the complex interplay between his Oankali and human elements, defying simplistic categorizations.
Akin yearns for his Oankali roots, but he simultaneously begins to form genuine connections with humans, most notably Tate. This evolving relationship carries echoes of a maternal motif, with Tate assuming a maternal role that is almost a surrogate for Lilith, Akin’s initial teacher. The Oankali’s choice to leave Akin with the humans releases Lilith from this role; she is no longer his primary teacher about humanity, safeguarding, and protecting. This responsibility has been seamlessly transferred to Tate, establishing a dynamic in which Tate and Lilith emerge as foils for each other. As Akin becomes increasingly entrenched in his human role, a significant transformation occurs as he learns to accept humans as teachers, even in the face of what he perceives as a lack of logic and sense. This marks a pivotal moment in which Akin, for the first time, truly starts to embrace his human dimension. He not only comprehends human ways but also begins to feel and interpret the world as humans do.
This newfound understanding becomes crucial as Akin delves deeper into the complexities of human emotions, especially in his observation of the resisters’ behaviors, dreams, and follies. Akin’s growing empathy for the resister humans is evident in his reflections when he asks, “Who among the Oankali was speaking for the interests of resister Humans? Who had seriously considered that it might not be enough to let Humans choose either union with the Oankali or sterile lives free of the Oankali?” (172). This introspective moment signifies a turning point, as Akin starts to question the validity and overall integrity of the Oankali project for everyone. His identity becomes increasingly complicated as he grapples with empathy for the resisters, symbolizing the ongoing in-betweenness that defines his character.
This section of the novel also sheds light on the compassionate and nurturing facets of humanity, portraying their earnest desire to share knowledge despite their relative lack of understanding compared to the Oankali. Akin’s authentic connections with humans reflect the way people pass knowledge through generations, offering a counterpoint to the prevalent theme of fear of difference. As the plot unfolds, it teases out the layers of Akin’s identity, the dynamics of human relationships, and the overarching theme of navigating diverse perspectives.
However, the fear of difference persists in some individuals, including those close to Akin, leading to examinations of Violence and Human Hierarchy. Butler exposes the detrimental impact of this fear, leading to instances of violence and the reinforcement of hierarchical tendencies within the human species. For example, the disturbing act of cutting Amma and Shkaht’s tentacles exemplifies the extreme violence born out of the human desire to eliminate anything perceived as alien or different. This cruelty, masked as helpfulness, reveals the darker facets of the human spirit.
The humans in Phoenix do not act as a monolith, adding depth to the exploration of human complexity. Tate emerges as a defender of Akin and the girls, embodying a compassionate and nuanced side of humanity. Her complex emotions toward both humans and Oankali challenge simplistic notions of morality and emphasize the nuanced nature of the human psyche. As the narrative progresses, it provides insight into the Oankali from the human perspective, examining the theme of The Consequences of Colonialism and Genetic Mutation. The revelation that Akin was intentionally abandoned with humans for learning purposes raises ethical dilemmas, compelling Akin to confront the moral complexities in the Oankali’s interventionist approach.
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