None of the adult characters in A Corner of the Universe shares a definitive diagnosis of Adam’s mental problems. Instead, family and friends use euphemisms that negatively distance Adam from social acceptability: Adam is “not quite…right” (31), he is “funny,” or simply, “mentally ill.” Adam is different from “normal” people. The doctors that Nana and Papa took Adam to as a youth said he had symptoms of schizophrenia or autism—wildly different diagnoses by today’s standards that show how little understood mental illness and autism were in the 1950s. People believed there was no cure or treatment for mental problems. Those with mental illnesses faced extreme discrimination and stigma.

Adam presents with a few symptoms of autism, including having trouble regulating emotion (Rodden, Janice. “What Are the Signs of Autism in Adults?” ADDitude, 2021). Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) was first diagnosed by psychiatrist Leo Kanner in 1943, so it was a comparatively new disorder at the time of the novel’s setting. Autism is a developmental disorder, rather than a mental illness, though people with ASD also have higher rates of depression and anxiety (“Mental Illness vs. Autism and

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