Consider the theme of Transformation and Rebirth. Analyze Scrooge’s rapid transformation over the course of one night. Trace the evolution of his character from the visit from Marley through the three Spirits’ visits to the end of the story.

• What specifically about each vision from the spirits leads to such a profound metamorphosis?
• Is Scrooge’s reformation believable? Can character change occur in humans instantaneously or in one night, or must it develop slowly over time?
• What larger message is Dickens sending about the power of transforming one’s life, even at an advanced age, for the good of themselves as well as humanity?

Teaching Suggestion: Students might find it helpful to use a plot diagram in reviewing and noting moments, events, and character reactions that contribute to Scrooge’s character arc. To follow up this prompt with an individualized extension, students might compose a brief narrative that explores a transformative event in their own lives; it might be beneficial to emphasize that change doesn’t always have to come with tragedy or fear—it can also accompany joyous events like the birth of a new family member or accomplishing a personal goal.